Piston for internal combustion motors



Aug. 23, 1932. E. c. LONG I 1,872,772

PISTON FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTORS Filed March-7, 1919 5/ H i 7 1 j f 1 Patented Aug. 23, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ELMER C. LONG, OF QUINCY, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, T'O SE- CURITY TRUST COMPANY, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN A CORPORATION OF MICHIGAN PISTON FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTORS Application filed March 7,

The primary object of this invention is to provide an improved piston for internal combustion motors, whereby a better working relation is established between the piston and its cylinder during the operation of the motor under highly heated conditions.

Another object is to provide an improvement in a. piston whereby the working thrust due to the piston forcing the connecting rod 1 is received by certain parts of the piston onl Al further object is in providing an im proved piston with means formed on that portion thereof which will engage the cylinder wall, whereby a better fitting relation can be given to the piston relative to the cylinder during the machining of the piston so that the fitting relation Wlll be approximately the same during the operation of the motor in which this improved piston or pistons is contained.

Other and further objects will appear in the specification and be specifically pointed out in the appended claims, reference being had to the accompanying drawing exemplifying the invention, and in which,

Figure 1 is a side elevation of this improved piston.

Figure 2 is an elevation of the wrist pin side of the piston.

Figure 3 is a vertical section taken on the line IIIIII of Fig. 1.

Figure 4 is a vertical section taken on the line IV-IV of Fig. 2.

Figure 5 is, a horizontal section taken on the line V-V of Fig. 3.

Figure 6 is an elevation of the lower end of the piston.

Referring to the drawing, 1 designates the solid end portion of the piston, having the usual piston ring recesses 2 and the main body portion 3, said main body portion having opposing wrist pin bearing sides of faces 4.

Formed in the periphery of the piston and in the body portion 3 thereof between the wrist pin side portions 4 and on each side of the piston is a pair of separated portions 6, 50 said pairs of portions 6 being divided by a slanting or inclining slot 7, and are further 1919. Serial No. 281,175.

divided from the body portion of a piston by the vertical slots 8 and the transverse slot 9.

Each cut out portion 6 is held in its peripheral position by an integrally formed connecting portion 10, there being a pair of said connecting portions extending in opposite directions from each of the wrist pin bearings 11.

In the construction of this improved pistion, the slots 7, 8 and 9 which form the separated portions 6 are preferably cut in the body portion 3 of the piston, and in the machining of the piston the upper portion thereof adjacent the solid end 1 is turned to a lesser diameter than the body portion 3, as indicated by the numeral 12.

In setting forth the advantages gained by a piston of this improved construction, it will benecessary to call attention to the solid piston construction, in which the piston was turned down to a size considerably smaller than the diameter of the cylinder to allow for the expanding of the piston, the fit of the cylinder being provided by-the piston or packing rings, but from experience, it has been found that the pistons of internal combustion engines would at the time have too great an expansion, whereby considerable friction was created on account of thepiston fitting too tightly in the cylinder when the same became highly heated, and if the piston were turned down to a smaller diameter to avoid the extreme expanding fit of the piston .during the highly heated condition, the piston would be too loose in the cylinder under normal conditions, thereby providing the piston with considerable back slap against the cylinder wall. With this improved construction, on account of the separated portions 6 provided I111 opposite disposed relation in the peripheral face of the piston, the body portion 3 thereof can be turned to a size slightly less in diameter than the cylinder wall so that when a motor equipped with this improved piston is put in operation, the proper fit is provided between the body portion of the piston and its cylinder under a small degree of heat, whereas when highly heated conditions exist the body portion of the piston comprised of the wrist pin sides 4 and separated portions 6 can expand without fitting too tightly against the cylinder Wall, as the expansion thereof will be taken up by the slots 7 and 8, as expanding and contracting resiliency is given to. the body portion 3 of the piston by the separated portions thereof.

The expanding fit given to the body portion 3 of the piston as just related will allow the upper portion of the piston adjacent the solid end 1 to be turned to a lesser diameter as indicated at 12 on account of the fact that a proper packing and fitting relation is provided when the piston rings are mounted in their respective recesses 2, as said upper portion of the piston will be turned down to such a degree whereby the extreme expansion of the piston will not cause the peripheral face of the upper portion of the piston to engage the cylinder wall at any time.

In addition to the connecting portions 10, supporting their respective separated portions 6 of the piston, said connecting portions 10 serve to reinforce said separated portions 6 and hold them outwardly against the foreing thrust of the connecting rod so that back slap of the piston is prevented as it is to be noted that said separated portions 6 are angularly arranged relative to the wrist pin bearings 11 of the piston.

Inasmuch as the separated portions 6 will be rigidly held against bending against the forcing thrust of the piston from the connecting rod of the piston, the dividing slanting slots 7 of the pairs of separated portions 6 will prevent the wearing of a raised portion in the cylinder wall.

vWhat I claim is:

1. A one piece piston having a solid walled skirt portion, said skirt portion having a pair of sections of its peripheral wall entirely cut away thereby forming separated peripheral parts, and integral means for supporting said sections in peripheral alinement with the peripheral face of said skirt portiongage the entire circumferential wall of the cylinder in which it reciprocates, said skirt portion having a series of sections which are wholly separated from one another, said skirt portion having a pair of wrist pin bearings formed integral therewith, and a rib extending from each of said bearings to a respective section.

5. A piston having a head and a cross-head structure connected thereto and comprising diametrically opposite slippers, wrist pin bosses between the slippers and means joining said bosses and slippers together, the said joining means being resiliently yieldable.

6. In a piston for an internal combustion engine, the combination of a piston head having a depending ring flange, two pairs of curved guide members oppositely disposed with relation to the axis of the piston, the curved members of each pair thereof being separated from the ring flange and from each other by contlnuous air gaps, and webs carrying 'wrist pin bosses, the said curved members, piston head and webs being united in an integral unitary structure.

7 In a piston for an internal combustion engine, the combination of a piston head having a depending ring flange, two pairs of curved guide members oppositely disposed with relation to the axis of the piston, the curved members of each pair thereof being separated from the ring flange and from each other by continuous air gaps, wrist pin bosses and webs connecting the wrist pin bosses with certain of said guide members, said guide members, 'piston head and webs being united in an integralunitary structure.

ELMER C; LONG.

2. A piston having a solid walled skirt, V

said skirt having a pair of opposing portions of its peripheral wall entirely cut away, thereby forming separated peripheral porportions, and integral supporting means secured to said separated portions and the wrist pin bearings of the piston for holdin said separated portions in peripheral alli nement with the peripheral face of the s 1rt.

3. A one piece piston having a full skirt portion, said skirt portion having opposing pairs of sections entirely cut away and wholly separated from its peripheral face, said sections being extended to one end of the piston.

4. A piston having a solid end portion and a skirt portion which is adapted to en- 

